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Proton 2

UR-500

Soviet Space Program

Launch Status
Success

Mission


Proton 2

  • Type: Astrophysics
  • Orbit: Low Earth Orbit

The N-4 series of satellites, a.k.a. Proton-1, carried instruments to study super-high energy cosmic particles.

Location


81/23 (81L)

Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan

81/23 (81L) has witnessed the launch of 104 rockets, including 104 orbital launch attempts, while Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan, has been the site for 1547 rocket launches.

81/23 (81L)

Rocket


Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center UR-500

Proton is an expendable launch system used for both commercial and Russian government space launches. The first Proton rocket was launched in 1965.

Agency


Soviet Space Program

The Soviet space program, was the national space program of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) actived from 1930s until disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991.

The Soviet Union’s space program was mainly based on the cosmonautic exploration of space and the development of the expandable launch vehicles, which had been split between many design bureaus competing against each other. Over its 60-years of history, the Russian program was responsible for a number of pioneering feats and accomplishments in the human space flight, including the first intercontinental ballistic missile (R-7), first satellite (Sputnik 1), first animal in Earth orbit (the dog Laika on Sputnik 2), first human in space and Earth orbit (cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin on Vostok 1), first woman in space and Earth orbit (cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova on Vostok 6), first spacewalk (cosmonaut Alexei Leonov on Voskhod 2), first Moon impact (Luna 2), first image of the far side of the Moon (Luna 3) and unmanned lunar soft landing (Luna 9), first space rover (Lunokhod 1), first sample of lunar soil automatically extracted and brought to Earth (Luna 16), and first space station (Salyut 1). Further notable records included the first interplanetary probes: Venera 1 and Mars 1 to fly by Venus and Mars, respectively, Venera 3 and Mars 2 to impact the respective planet surface, and Venera 7 and Mars 3 to make soft landings on these planets.

Soviet Space Program
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