Chiaki Mukai
- Status: Retired
- In Space: No
- Date of Birth: 05/06/1952
- First Flight: 07/08/1994
- Last Flight: 10/29/1998
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Chiaki Mukai, a Japanese astronaut affiliated with the government agency Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, embarked on 2 space flights and engaging in 0 spacewalks during his/her career as an astronaut.
Chiaki Mukai (向井 千秋 Mukai Chiaki, born May 6, 1952, Tatebayashi, Gunma, Japan) is a Japanese doctor and JAXA astronaut. She was the first Japanese woman in space, and was the first Japanese citizen to have two spaceflights. Both were Space Shuttle missions; her first was STS-65 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia in July 1994, which was a Spacelab mission. Her second spaceflight was STS-95 aboard Space Shuttle Discovery in 1998. In total she has spent 23 days in space.